Rights protect dignity and freedom. Duties protect the commons and ensure that liberty does not become domination.
People must be protected from coercion, abuse, and degrading treatment. Bodily autonomy is fundamental.
No punishment or deprivation without fair procedure: notice, reasons, hearing, and appeal.
Rules must apply consistently, with remedies for discriminatory harm and unfair treatment.
People may hold and change beliefs without coercion, while respecting boundaries that prevent direct harm to others.
Protect speech and access to information, balanced with limits against direct incitement, targeted harassment, and rights violations.
Personal data and intimate life deserve protection. Surveillance must be constrained, justified, and accountable.
People have meaningful avenues to influence civic decisions and to contest power peacefully.
Do not violate others’ rights. Avoid cruelty, coercion, and preventable harm.
Support shared infrastructure and public goods: environments, institutions, and basic civic systems.
Avoid fraud, corruption, and manipulation; support transparency and truthful public discourse.
Respect others’ conscience and identity. Disagree without dehumanization or persecution.
Contribute to civic life through voting, service, community care, oversight, and constructive engagement.
Use the least coercive effective means; avoid escalation and collective punishment.
When rights conflict, prefer solutions that preserve dignity, minimize coercion, and use proportional measures. The goal is a stable civic order where freedom is real for everyone, not only the powerful.
